How To Store 10 Oz Silver Bars
From offscreen friendships and jarring pay inequality to the special effects and makeup tricks that brought some of the earth's favorite motion picture characters to life, The Wizard of Oz (1939) had and then much going on behind the emerald curtain and the Technicolor gloss of an amazing fantasy world.
In honor of the 80th anniversary of the picture show, follow the xanthous brick slideshow to peek behind that curtain and learn more about the secrets and fun facts that make the beloved motion picture a timeless classic.
Margaret Hamilton Was a Fan Before the Film
As a self-proclaimed lifelong fan of 50. Frank Baum'due south Oz series, Margaret Hamilton was thrilled to be considered for a role in the 1939 film adaptation. Hamilton called her agent to enquire which character the producers wanted her to play, and her agent famously said, "The witch — who else?"
Hamilton, a single female parent, fought MGM for an agreed upon amount of guaranteed work time. Three days before filming began, the studio agreed to a v-calendar week bargain. In the end, Hamilton was on gear up for three months, but many of her scenes were cut for being too scary for audiences.
Certain, Dorothy Gale doesn't need prosthetics or aluminum makeup, but that doesn't mean Judy Garland wasn't put through the costume department wringer. Although she was young at the time, the 16-year-sometime Garland had to wear a corset-similar device and so she looked more like a preadolescent child.
Director Richard Thorpe suggested Garland wear a blonde wig and loads of "infant-doll" makeup (as any preadolescent girl would…?). Luckily, that vision of the graphic symbol inverse. Subsequently MGM fired Thorpe, the intermediate manager George Cukor nixed the heavy makeup and wig. Instead, he told Garland to be herself. Smart move.
The "Skywriting" Scene Employed Some Not bad Moving-picture show Magic
The Magician of Oz employs a lot of great film tricks, and some of the nigh unique were used in the skywriting scene. In it, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) flies in a higher place the Emerald City, leaving the phrase "Give up Dorothy" in her wake in black smoke.
Using a hypodermic needle, the special furnishings team spread black ink across the bottom of a glass tank that was filled with a thick, tinted liquid (some speculate milk). They wrote the phrase in contrary and filmed the scene from below. Initially, the skywriting ended with the ominous "Or Die — W W Westward."
The "Snowfall" in the Poppy Field Was Actually Dangerous
One of the Wicked Witch'south last-ditch efforts to impede Dorothy's quest to run into the Wonderful Sorcerer of Oz involves a poppy field and some magical sleep-inducing snow. While many like to joke that the poppies and their drowsiness are the consequence of opium (a component of poppies), the scene has a much more breathy toxic connectedness than that.
All that magical snow? It's really 100% industrial-grade chrysotile asbestos. Even though the health risks associated with the textile were known at the time, it was still Hollywood'southward preferred option for false snow. Our communication to Dorothy? Don't take hold of whatsoever snowflakes on your tongue.
Scarecrow'due south Makeup Stuck Around for Awhile
In the end, Ray Bolger (Scarecrow) was probably grateful for Buddy Ebsen (the original Tin Man'due south) willingness to trade parts with him for more than reasons than ane. The Tin Man's aluminum makeup caused a huge amount of problems for Ebsen, who was replaced by Jack Haley.
Although Bolger's makeup feel was ameliorate than Ebsen'due south, he even so had some issues. The Scarecrow'due south makeup consisted of a rubber prosthetic, consummate with a woven pattern that mimicked the wait of burlap. Later on the film wrapped, the prosthetic left patterns on Bolger's face that took more than than a year to fade.
Margaret Hamilton Was Burned On Ready
In a burst of flames and blood-red smoke, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) vanishes from Munchkinland. Although the scene is terrifying for viewers, it may have instilled more fear for Hamilton. On the first accept, the smoke rose from a hidden trapdoor too early.
For the 2d accept, Hamilton stood on the trapdoor as planned, but her greatcoat snagged on the platform when the fire flared up. Her copper-containing makeup heated up instantly, causing second- and third-degree burns on her hands and confront. To make matters worse, the crew tried to remedy her burns with (an fifty-fifty more painful) acetone solvent.
The Flying Monkeys Became Falling Monkeys
The Wicked Witch'southward legion of flying monkeys — or Winged Monkeys every bit they're called in the source fabric — have certainly been a source of terror for generations. Almost every bit scary equally the Witch herself, these henchmen soar onto the scene to kidnap Dorothy and Toto — cheers to the magic of piano wires.
However, the aerial stunt went amiss when several of the pianoforte wires snapped, sending actors plummeting a few feet to the soundstage flooring. To create such a vast troupe of monkeys (and cutting down on human marionettes), filmmakers fabricated miniature rubber monkeys to aid populate the sky.
"Over the Rainbow" Was Almost on the Cutting Room Floor
To no 1's surprise, the American Film Institute ranked "Over the Rainbow" #1 on a list of 100 Greatest Songs in American Films. Merely what may surprise you? The (arguably) most iconic vocal of Judy Garland'south career was about cut from the picture.
Studio execs at MGM idea the vocal fabricated the Kansas scenes too long. Moreover, filmmakers were concerned that children wouldn't empathise the song'southward meaning. Luckily, this unfounded business melted like lemon drops. Unfortunately, Garland'southward tearful reprise of the song was left on the cutting room floor.
The Can Man Costume Didn't Permit Jack Haley to Residue Piece of cake
Although Bert Lahr had to schlep around in a 90-pound lion costume, Jack Haley didn't have it easy either. From the lingering concerns near the aluminum paste-based makeup on his face up and hands to the minimal flexibility of the "tin" torso and arms, Haley faced some challenges.
Reportedly, his costume was so stiff that he had to lean confronting a board to rest properly. Many years later, actor Anthony Daniels, known for playing the protocol droid C-3PO in the Star Wars films, had the same issue with his rigid costume. It seems even fantasy and sci-fi tin't help folks escape all their issues.
The Original Tin Human Was Rushed to the Hospital
Initially, Buddy Ebsen was cast as the Scarecrow, only traded parts with Ray Bolger. Notwithstanding, Ebsen's new character, the Tin Homo, acquired him a slew of bug. Namely, the character'south silver makeup contained a harmful aluminum dust that coated Ebsen'south lungs.
To make matters worse, Ebsen had an allergic reaction, and, unable to breathe, he was rushed to the infirmary. MGM recast the role with Jack Haley (and changed upwardly the makeup), but didn't explicate why Ebsen "dropped out." Although Ebsen didn't appear in the last film, his vocals can be heard in "We're Off to See the Sorcerer."
A Stocking & Some Miniatures Gave Us the Tornado
The tornado that strikes the Gale homestead is full of applied special furnishings that actually concur upwards. The funnel itself was really a 35-foot long stocking fabricated of muslin. The special furnishings team spun information technology around miniatures that resembled the farms and fields of Kansas. Confronting the painted properties, the tornado looks menacing.
The Gale business firm, which falls from the sky and into Oz, is just a miniature business firm that was dropped onto a sky painting. Filmmakers then reversed the footage to make it look like the house was falling out of the clouds.
Hollywood Didn't Pay Up So Either
Pay inequality has always been an consequence in Hollywood. For example, Adriana Caselotti, voice of the titular character in Walt Disney'due south Snowfall White and the Vii Dwarfs (1937), made $970 for her performance, though the pic went on to make roughly $8 million.
According to the Los Angeles Times, Judy Garland'southward pay was better than Caselotti'due south — playing Dorothy earned her $500 a week — only it yet didn't reverberate the flick's success. Even more discouraging, the folks who portrayed the citizens of Munchkinland were paid a mere $50 per week. (Meanwhile, Terry the dog earned $125 per week as Toto. A existent yikes.)
Bert Lahr'due south Lion Costume Was Taxing
Originally, MGM thought information technology might cast its mascot — the actual king of beasts used in the studio's title bill of fare — as the cowardly character. Fortunately, for the safety of the actors and the fauna, the filmmakers decided to cast thespian Bert Lahr as the anthropomorphic character instead.
To brand a convincing creature, the costume department fashioned Lahr a xc-pound outfit made from real lion skin. However, the arc lights used on set made things a steamy 100 degrees during filming, which meant Lahr did a lot of sweating unrelated to his character'due south fretfulness. Each night, ii stagehands dried the costume for the adjacent day.
The Initial Box Part Returns Were Uneven
The film started shooting in Oct of 1938 merely didn't wrap until March of 1939, racking up an unheard of $2,777,000 in costs. That's nearly $50 million adjusted for inflation. Upon its initial release, the motion picture merely earned $iii million at the box office — about $51.8 1000000 by today'due south standards.
Although that seems impressive for a Low-era film, retrieve that Disney made $8 million with Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). The Wizard of Oz'southward small success in the U.South. barely covered production and film rights' costs — MGM paid $75,000 to the publisher for those — but success overseas fortunately bolstered the movie'south returns.
The Dark Side of Oz in a Fourth dimension Before "Me Too"
Judy Garland was simply 16 years old when she was cast as Dorothy. Insecure and lonesome, she became addicted to amphetamines and barbiturates, which were oft given to young actors to aid them sleep after studios shot them up with adrenaline so they could piece of work long hours.
The spotlight — and her damaging contract with MGM — didn't help, leading to lifelong struggles with an eating disorder and alcoholism. According to a writer for Express, "[Garland] was molested by older men, including studio chiefs [and head Louis B. Mayer], who considered her fiddling more than than their 'property.'" Moreover, MGM forced Garland to stick to a wildly unhealthy nutrition of cigarettes, coffee and chicken soup.
The Phonation of Snow White Had a Cameo
A few years before The Wizard of Oz debuted, Walt Disney'south feature-length blithe film Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs (1937) became a nail-hit. Non only did the film revolutionize the blitheness manufacture, it also reinvigorated the fantasy genre.
Disney wanted to follow up Snow White — then the most successful film of all time — with an adaptation of The Magician of Oz, but MGM endemic the rights. Past happenstance, Adriana Caselotti, who voiced Snow White, had an uncredited role in Oz. During the Tin Man's "If I Only Had a Heart," Caselotti speaks her sole line, "Wherefore fine art thou Romeo?"
The Ruby-red Slippers Are Props & Treasured Artifacts
Keeping in line with the book, Dorothy'south iconic footwear was originally argent, just screenwriter Noel Langley felt the red colour would really popular in glorious Technicolor. Designed by MGM's primary costume designer Gilbert Adrian, the shoes are each covered in about 2,300 sequins.
One of the remaining pairs is on view in the Smithsonian Institution'south National Museum of American History. Since the display is so heavily trafficked, the museum has replaced the carpet there several times. Another pair were stolen from Minnesota's Judy Garland Museum in 2005, but the FBI recovered the slippers for the institution in 2018.
Only One Sequence Was Filmed "On Location"
The Sorcerer of Oz is your classic adventure story, and Dorothy'south quest leads her from a Kansas farm to another world — consummate with corn fields, poppy-filled meadows and forests. However, despite all these breathtaking locations, nigh all the scenes were shot on a soundstage.
Every bit was customary at the fourth dimension, immense, detailed backdrops were painted by studio artists, making it possible for filmmakers to send audiences to far away places without filming on location. In fact, the but location footage in the moving picture is the opening title sequence — those clouds are 100% the real deal.
A Second Toto Was Brought In
Toto, played primarily by Terry, is one of the nigh beloved dogs in film history. Terry was famously non a huge fan of special furnishings and can often be seen running out of a shot when something loud or alarming happens — like when the Tin can Man spouts out all of that steam.
After ane of the Witch'southward guards accidentally stepped on her, Terry was on bedrest for two weeks. Filmmakers went through ii doubles to notice i that resembled the original canine actor more closely.
Fun fact: Judy Garland was so fond of Terry that she wanted to adopt the dog.
Margaret Hamilton "Mourns the Wicked" Witch
In add-on to beingness a huge fan of the Oz books, Margaret Hamilton also believed her character was more than than only your run-of-the-mill evil villain. More than 35 years after the picture debuted, Hamilton, donning her Witch's costume to show kids information technology was brand-believe, appeared on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, where Fred Rogers interviewed her about the character.
According to Hamilton, the then-called Wicked Witch relished everything she did, but she was as well a distressing, lonely figure. In curt, things never went well for the frustrated Witch. Oddly enough, the Broadway musical Wicked also takes this arroyo to the Witch's character.
The "Horse of a Dissimilar Color" Was Fabricated Possible Thank you to a Food Product
In 1939, audiences were just as amazed as Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin Man and the Cowardly King of beasts when the horse in Emerald City took on a rainbow of colors. This "horse of a different color" was made possible thanks to a surprising food item…
Jell-O crystals were used to color the horses, which meant filmmakers had to movement quickly — the animals were eager to lick up the sweet treat. Merely the colorful steed isn't the only interesting component in this fan-favorite scene. The equus caballus-drawn railroad vehicle was once owned past President Abraham Lincoln and now resides at the Judy Garland Museum.
The Makeup Section Hired Actress Hands
From the citizens of Munchkinland and Emerald Metropolis to the Witch'southward flight monkeys, so many actors had to undergo a makeup transformation in gild to give life to this fantasy flick. To go on upwards with the daily demands, MGM called upon workers from the studio mailroom and courier service to manage makeup stations.
Since virtually of the Ozian ensemble required prosthetics, makeup artists — and "makeshift" artists — formed a kind of costuming assembly line. About actors had to arrive before five:00 in the morning — half dozen days a calendar week! — to begin the intensive process.
Memorable (& Often Misquoted) Lines Make full the Film
The film is clogged of iconic, memorable songs, and it has the great fortune of beingness responsible for some of the well-nigh quoted lines in motion picture history as well. In 2007, Premiere compiled a list of "The 100 Greatest Movie Lines" and placed a whopping 3 of the flick's lines on the list.
"Pay no attention to that homo behind the curtain" was voted #24, while "In that location's no place like dwelling" nabbed the 11th spot. Finally, the frequently misquoted "Toto, I have a feeling we're not in Kansas anymore" landed in the 62nd spot.
The Witch's Fire Employed Some Technical Wizardry (& Juice)
Clearly, the technical wizardry — or witchcraft — in the movie is incredible. Like the "horse of a dissimilar colour" sequence, another iconic, special furnishings-heavy scene harnessed the ability of everyday household items to pull off fun tricks.
Before long later on Dorothy arrives in Munchkinland, the Wicked Witch tries to snatch the carmine slippers from the young girl's feet. Even so, fire strikes the Witch's hands, repelling her. This "fire" is actually apple juice spouting from the slippers in a sped-up clip to brand it look more flame-like.
Technicolor Required Some Ingenuity in the Props Section
Experimenting with Technicolor was part fun and part problem-solving for filmmakers. In order to properly capture scenes with the Technicolor camera, the soundstage needed to be lit with arc lights, which oftentimes heated the set to a toasty 100 degrees.
After the lights were gear up, the experts experimented with what would wait best on film, especially in colorized form. For example, the white part of Dorothy's dress is actually pink — simply because information technology filmed better. And the oil the Tin Homo is so excited about? It's actually chocolate syrup.
The Wicked Witch of the East Makes More Than Ane Appearance
Part of the Wicked Witch of the West'due south beefiness with Dorothy is that the immature girl dropped a house on her sis, the Wicked Witch of the East, who was the brusk-lived owner of the cherry slippers. Although Margaret Hamilton already plays both the Wicked Witch of the West and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, she too plays the Wicked Witch of the Due east — if but briefly.
During the tornado sequence, an addled Dorothy looks out her bedchamber window and watches Gulch transform into a witch, her shoes shimmering. For fans, this glint indicates the witch exterior the window is wearing the red slippers. The restored version of the moving picture makes that shimmer even more noticeable.
The Film's Running Time Was Cut Down Several Times
The first cutting of the film clocked in at a running time of 120 minutes. Although that seems like nothing by today's Marvel pic standards, producer Mervyn LeRoy felt it was long and unwieldy and wanted to chop off 20 minutes.
After cutting the famed "Jitterbug" number and an extended Scarecrow trip the light fantastic toe sequence, the picture show was 112 minutes long. LeRoy held a 2nd preview screening, and, afterwards, nixed Dorothy's "Over the Rainbow" reprise, an Emerald City reprise of "Ding! Dong! The Witch Is Expressionless," a scene where the Tin Man becomes a man beehive (Yikes!) and a few Kansas sequences.
Then Much for a "Wicked" Witch
Filmmakers deemed Margaret Hamilton's Wicked Witch of the West performance too frightening for audiences and cut or trimmed many of her scenes. But not everyone thought her functioning was terrifying — namely Judy Garland, who played the Wicked Witch'southward nemesis, Dorothy Gale.
Off-screen, the film's starring foes were actually friends. 1 story that emerged from the ready described Garland excitedly showing off a dress to Hamilton, declaring she was going to wear it for her graduation. Unfortunately, MGM'southward Louis B. Mayer sent Garland on a press tour the 24-hour interval of her graduation. Upset, Hamilton phoned Mayer and chewed him out.
Giving Credit to Technicolor
In the opening credits, the text reads "Photographed in Technicolor," as opposed to the more apt "Colour Sequences past Technicolor." The phrasing of the credits makes it seem equally though the unabridged motion picture was shot in color. Was this washed deliberately, or was it a small-scale syntactical false pas?
It'southward widely believed this was a flake of a stunt done to heighten the surprise of the picture turning into full three-strip Technicolor when Dorothy arrives in Oz. Posters made at the time of the film's debut made no mention of sepia tint (or "black-and-white"), adding credence to this theory.
One of History's Most-Watched Films
Although The Sorcerer of Oz proved popular in theaters, another film released the aforementioned year, also directed by Victor Fleming, actually topped the box function. (You may accept heard of that picayune movie — it's called Gone with the Current of air.) Nonetheless, MGM'due south musical fantasy may have more than staying power than other films of the era, thanks in part to re-releases.
The movie was offset broadcast on boob tube on Nov 3, 1956, and garnered an impressive 44 one thousand thousand viewers. It's believed that The Magician of Oz is one of the 10 most-watched feature-length movies in flick history, largely due to the number of almanac television screenings, theater viewings and various format re-releases.
Source: https://www.ask.com/tv-movies/wizard-of-oz-facts?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex&ueid=93635034-345d-473c-8526-76925988e080
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